Back mesh select.

http://cs7003.vk.me/c537314/u43633640/docs/7d642b934ef1/Bezymyanny.gif?extra=095wfAavz4dlgjI5BIaCVBl_G6VxPWmIrVMx_xIj8sATi_5ShCy-unFaj5qXrsjKWB2u-III0q2n25N6hr9whS4t11blt6c

Try MMB(Middle Mouse Button) select. That will select (in order) what is under the mouse cursor position.

Thank you, no permanent effect, is difficult to predict

Another way is to make the front mesh wired/transparent, and make sure 'Edit > Options > Ignore wired/transparent polygons on selection' is On.

IStonia, I did not feel the difference

You can do this test.

1. Create a box and a sphere.
2. In object mode, select the box.
3. View > Object Shading > Object Individual Shading > Transparent. The box will become transparent.
4. LMB click at an empty space to deselect.
5. Make sure 'Edit > Options > Ignore wired/transparent polygons on selection' is checked.
6. Now see if you can select the box with mouse. You shouldn't be able to.
7. Move the box to the front of the camera so it covers the sphere. Now see if you can select the sphere which is behind the box. You should be able to do that.
8. Keep the box in front of the sphere. Select both the two objects in 'Object List'.
9. Go to edge mode.
10. Now you shall see you can highlight and select edges of both objects.
11. Do the same test in vertex and polygon modes and see how it works.

Yes, in many cases it works well, but I gave the test in one post. This is not very critical because you can choose from the Scene Explorer

You can't do the same thing in Scene Explorer in subobject modes.